Statistical tabulating and printing telegraph system



March 24', 1936. A. BAILEY Ej- AL 2,034,791

STATISTICAL'TABULATING AND PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed Jan. 25, 193412 Sheets-Sheet l ABA/LEV HM. THOMSON /Nl/ENTORS:

ATTORNEY March 24, 1936 2,034,791

STATISTICAL TABULATING AND PRINTING TELEGRAPB SYSTEM A. BAILEY ET ALFiled Jan. 25, 1934 v 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 QR QR MOM new

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' ABA/LEV 'NVEN H.M. THOMSON A T TORNE Y March 24, 1936. BAILEY ET ALSTATISTICAL TABULATING AND PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM 12' Sheets-Sheet :5

Filed Jan. 25, 1934 ABA/LEV INVENTORS'HM. THOMSON ATTORNEY Maf ci124,1936. A BMLEY TA 2,034,791

STATISTICAL TABULATING AND PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM LETTERS ABA/LEV'NVEN /1'. M. THOMSON March 24, 1936. A. BAILEY Er AL STATISTICALTABULATING AND PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed Jan. 25, 19s4 12Sheets-Sheet 5 ABA/LE) M 'HM. THOMSON AT TORNEY A. BAILEY ET ALSTATISTICAL TABULATING AND PRIN'VIING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM March 24, 1936.

Filed Jan. 25,1934 12 sn et -sheei 6 MR Bk A. BAILEY MEMO/PSI H. M.THOMSON ATTORNEY March 1936- A. BAILEY El AL 2,034,791STATISTICALTABULATING AND PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed Jan. 25, 1954I 12 heets-Shet 7 MNQ 58:83 .26 E k 3 3:38 P

as hm $6 $6 A. BAILEY .JNVENTORS. HM THOMSON ATTORNEY March 24, 1936. A.BAILEY El AL 2,034,791

STATISTICAL TABULATING' AND PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed Jan. 25,1934 12 Sheets-Sheet 8 ATTORNEY March 24, '1936. A. BAILEY ET AL2,034,791.

STATISTICAL TABULATING AND PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed Jan. 25, 195412 Sheets-Sheet 9 A'.BA/LEV lNl/ENTORS. HM THOMSON ATTORNEY March 24,1936. 'A. BAILEY Er AL Filed Jan 25, 1934 12 Sheets-Sheet l0 hwkbsk A.BAILEY H.M. THOMSON INVENTORS ATTORNEY March 24, 1936. A. BAILEY ET ALSTATISTICAL TABULATING AND PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Filed Jan. 25 1 93412 Sheets-Sheet 1.1

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March 24, 193 6- A. BAILEY ETAL I 2,034,791

STATISTICAL TABULATING AND PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM- Filed Jan. 25,1934 l2'SheetsSheet 12 kmmmmmmmmmmmm a A. BAILEY I INVENTORS'HM' THOMSONA 7' TORNE V Patented 24, 1936 PATENT- orFlcl-i.

STATISTICAL TABULATING' AND We" TELEGRAPH srs'rnm Austin Bailey,Maplewood, N'. 1., and Howard 'Mearns Thomson, New York, N. 1., sssi toAmerican Telephone and Telegraph pany, a corporation of New YorkApplication January 25. 1934, Serial No. 708,294

\ 18 Claims. (01. 1784) This invention relates to the combination ofstatistical and printing telegraph systems for tabulating or translatingof information recorded on perforated cards.

The object of the invention is to provide a re- I liable and flexiblearrangement whereby the information recorded on perforated cards may betabulated on a telegraph page or tape printer through the medium ofprinting telegraph transmitting and receiving apparatus.

The statistical machines in use either do not' provide for translating,listing and printing both letters and figures or they do not provide forprinting all the letters of the alphabet. For example, in some machinesand q, u and v, and a: and z are each expressed by' a combinationsymbol. In addition, these machines will print only letters in certaincolumns and only figures in certain other ,columns depending upon theconstruction of the machine. v

The object of this invention is to provide a translator which will listand print all the characters of the alphabet and the numbers as well asother characters and symbolsin any column without any ambiguity andinany desired order so that information-for telephone directories. radiosignals, invoices, sales and other statistical information may berecorded on perforated cards and listed on a teletypewriter ortransmitted over a telegraph circuit to a distant teletypewriter to belisted at the distant point. Complete flexibility is provided so that acharacter punched on the card may be caused to be printedas anothercharacter on the printer, to be printed in a diflerentcolumn from thatin which the punch appears, to be. du-

plicated in more than one column, or to be ignored Arrangements are alsomade wherealtogether. by any predetermined character may be printed inany column, regardless of whether or not any character is punched in thecorresponding column on the perforated card.

Another object of the invention is tc combine a telegraph printingmechanism with a statistical translator so that the telegraph printerwill print or list the information recorded on punched census cards.

'A feature of the invention is a system in which the code of the puncheson the perforated card may be translated into the standard five unitprinting telegraph code 'or into any other code desiredwhich may betransmitted over a teleph systemto one or more telegraph receiving andprinting devices.

Another feature is a device which is provided so that a specifiedperforation of one column m sy prises a group of card controlledcontacts ar 5 ranged in columns connected through a plurality ofcross-connecting jacks also arranged in col- .umns to a group ofselectors for selecting these 'contacts or Jacks column by column. Agroup of keys associated with each column of jacks is also connected tothe selectors. Al translator and a telegraphsignal transmitter areconnected to the selectors. A telegraph printing mechanism some- 7 timescalled a. teletypewriter is connected to the transmitter so that thetelegraph printer will list information recorded on the statisticalcards. A control circuit is provided for the selectors which causes onegroup of selectors to simultaneously advance over all their contacts andthen the next group of selectors to simiiltaneouslyadvance over alltheir contacts and then all the selectors to be restored to normal whenall of them have adv vanced over all of their'contacts. This controlvention may be more readily understood from the following description ofone specific embodiment of the invention when read with reference to thego accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 shows the order in whichFigs. 2 to 13, inclusive, should be arranged to form a completeoperative'system and Fig-14 shows, in an abbreviated form, a schematicarrangement of the invention. 1 5 In the system shown on .the drawingsa45 column card has been selected byway of mus-- tration and provisionhas been made for expanding the information contained on the card into91 columns on a page printer. The springs 40 which make contact throughholes in the card are arranged in columns and each spring is connectedto a corresponding jack in the 45 column Card Jack field' The jacks in.the Card jack field" are arranged to be cross-connested to-similarisclm in-the 91 column "Tnbu-- later jack field", the additional columnsbeing used to expand the information on the. card as desired. Thecolumns of jacksintheTabulator is connected to a teletyp writer insuch amanssner that the individual cams sendpulses over the communicationcircuit to the teletypewriter in'accordance with the punches on thecard. Each jack in the card field is normally connected to thecorresponding jack in the tabulator field but this connection is openedwhenever a patching cord is used to obtain a duplicate entry or a 1 orfigures, provision has been made to print figures or other non-lettercharacters in a column in which letters are normally expected, by addinga punch in the zero position to the punch combination on the card, whichrepresents the desired character, except for B when punches in both the11 and 12 positions are added to the zero punch. Provision is also madeto send all the other characters usually used in connection with theteletypewriter page printer, such as line feed, carriage return andspace. Skip keys have been provided which when operated cause thecorresponding column to be skipped. A special key labeled (Auto Zero isincluded in each column of keys in the card jack field which whenoperated causes a 0 to be printed for that column.

For purposes of illustration a two digit code has been selected for thepunched cards, the difi'erent characters being arranged as a singlepunch in any of ten difierent positions or as a double punch consistingof a punch in positions 0 to 9 andan additional punch in positions 11 or12. purposes of illustration is as follows:

Code for punched cards u .u 5 .n Positionpunclnd o g g 5 5 5 5 E E c 3 E8 n o r: ,5 5 a N in m E-I I'nin co m H Z Single igunl-- o 1 2 a 4 5 a 18 9 puncla- Letters P Q W E" B 'i Y U I O gsgggrigures s r x s Bell n bl mm- 1) B c n r B. M N

041 Om I n unch I I a Lettots. a J n it v -x z Referring to Fig. 14which shows. in an abbreviated form a schematic arrangement of theinvention, a card I432 containing punched information is introducedagainst the metallic plate HM and under the "feeler or contact springs,

one of which is shown as spring I402.

from the metallic plate MM is connected to spring I402 and istransmitted through springs I403 of the card jack field and I404 of thetabulator jack field through contact I406 of switch I422 which isstanding on a set of contacts which are connected to the column ofsprings which inelude spring I402, and through the winding of relay I400to battery. Op rating relay I400. As

the shaft containing cams I428, I420, I420, I421,

I420, I43l revolves. a circuit is closed from The code which has beenselected for battery through brush I401, cam I426, cam I421, brush I408,contacts of relay I406, brush I409, cam I428, cam I429,'brush IMO, thecontacts of key I I- which is operated to send a figures designation,contact I4 I 2 of switch I434 to groundthrough the teletypewriter I4I3.Cam I428 is cut so that as it revolves it interrupts the circuit duringthe first portion of the revolution to send a set of pulses which areinterpreted by the teletypewriter as the figures designation, and camI421 is cut to send during the second portion of the revolution a set ofpulses which correspond to the character represented by the hole punchedin card I432. Just before the cams complete the revolution cam I43Imakes contact with brush I4I6 so that the stepping magnet I4" isenergized to step the brushes of the switch to the next set of contactswhich correspond to the next column of punches on the card. In order tokeep the different electrical currents from traversing the shaft,insulating couplings I423, I424 and I425 are used between each set ofcams. The operation of the system will now be de-' scribed in detail,insofar as such a description tends to explain the features of theinvention.

The switching means provided comprise 15 rotary switches similar to thetype described in the patent to A. H. Adams 1,399,728, December 13,1921. Each oi these switches are provided with five rows of contacts anda wiper arm for each row of contacts. The switches are divided into fivegroups of three-switches each, the three switches in each group beingassociated together on a common shaft and operated simultaneously byoperating their magnets in parallel. Thus switch magnets 8| I, 109. andGIS are operated and released as a unit and wiper arms'GIS, 6H, en,

SIS, 620, I22, HI, 2, H3, H4, H9, 820, MI, 822,'

and 823 advance together over their respective banks. For the sake ofbrevity the switch group associated with the magnets and wiper arms justenumerated will be referred to as switch 650 and the other similarswitch groups. as switches "I,

652, 852 and Il54. Thus each of the switches 650, Oil, 652,153, and 54have fiiteen banks 01' rows of contacts and fifteen wiper arms'so thatin each position or these. wiper arms they make contact with a contactin each of the fifteen banks or rows of contacts. Twelve of thesecontacts are connected to the jacks in one column of the tabulatorfield, one to the teletypewriter and two to the selector controlcircuit. Thus the contacts in thefirst bank or row of contacts of switch"I over which wiper arm SIB mov are connected to the No. 12tabulatorjacks in co umns 1 to 20 of the tabulator and are accordinglydesignated I2TJ I-20 on the drawings. The contacts of the second are orrow of switch 650 over which wiper arm 6|! moves are connected to theNo. 11 tabulator jacks of columns 1 to 20 and are designated IITJ I20.In a similar manner the contacts of each are or row of contacts ofswitch 050 are connected to jacks in columns 1 to'20 of the tabulatorJack field and the contacts 0! switch "I are connected to jacks incolumns 21 to 41 in the tabuiator jack field and these contacts are sodesignated on the drawings. The contacts of switches 052, 052, and 54are likewise connected to the jacks in columns 42 to 62, 63 to 83 and 84to 91 of the tabulator jack field.

Assume all of the switches to be in the positions shown on the drawingswith their brushes standing on the first set of terminals in each case,that several cards have been inserted in the captainerfli and one orthem has been Min position on plate 204 so that the springs make contactwith the plate wherever holes are punched in the card, and that inplacing the card in position contact 20I was momentarily closed. Theclosing of contact 20I'causes the operation of relay 202 in a circuittraced from battery through the winding of relay 202, contact 20I,conductor I350 to ground through the right break contacts of relay 820.Relay 202 locks in a circuit from battery through its winding and lowercontacts to the same ground oh the, right break contacts of relay 288.The operation of relay 202 causes the operation of ,clutchmagnet I20I ina circuit from battery on the upper contacts of relay 202 over conductorI882, winding of clutch magnet I20I, conductor I208 to ground throughthe contacts of relays 00I, 804, 803, 802 and It is' assumed that switchI208 has been closed causing motor I204 to rotate, that motor I204rotates at a substantially constant speed,

and that the operation oi clutch magnet I20'I through wiper -82I andconductor 808 to ground through teletypewriter 801. As the motor rotates906 when the first revolution is nearly completed and a circuit isclosed irom,battery through the winding of switch magnets 8, I08, and 8|8 in parallel, brush 808, card 804, cam 808, brush 808, conductor 809 toground through the strapped contacts or, bank 8I2 and wiper 823. Switchmagnets 8| I, 108 and 6I8 operate in this circuit and when shaft I20'I"completes the revolution cam 804 breaks the circuit with brush 808allowing switch magnets 8, I08 and 8I5 to release and step switch 850 tothe second set of contacts.

The cams on shaft I20'I are insulated by insulating bushings I288, I|0I,H82, II08, 932, 833, 834, 88-5, and 838 so that the electrical circuitssuch as between brush 808, cam 804, cam 808 and brush 803 are keptseparate from the electrical circuits of the other cams on shaft I201.

For purposes 01' illustration it is assumed that the first position ofthe teletypewriter which corresponds to position 2 of switch sens to beleft blank and that the space key SM is operated, A circuit is thusclosed from battery through brush I2Il, cams I2|8 and I2I0, brush I208,conductor I228, contacts of key 80I', conductor 808, contact 808, wiper02I, conductor 8 to ground through teletypewriter 801. Conductor 808 mayinclude a v telegraph line, as shown, to some distant point. This linemay also include repeaters and other telegraph apparatus. However, sincethis apparatus is well known and forms no part of this invention it hasnot been described but it is to be understood that it may be employed inthis system when desirable. As can |2I0 revolves it alternately opensand closes'the circuit to send signals to the teletypewriter which areinter- "breaks contact with brush 888 they release, ad-

vancing switch 880 to the next or third set of contacts.

The first column of punches on thecard associated with the columns oi.Jacks labeled IC in the "cardjack field" and shown in Fig. 3 and jacks2T in the tabulator jack field", as shown in Fig. 4, which are connectedto the third set oi. contacts in the banks of switch 880. Assume thatthe card has a hole punched iri position 6 of this first column, asshown, and 'that it is desired to print figures on theteletypewriter inaccordance with the punchings in this column. The figures switch 802associated with the column of jacks 2T in the -Tabulator jack fleld'.should, accordingly, be operated. Then when selector 880 reaches itsthird set of contacts, a-circuit will be closed from ground on plate 204through the a hole in the card and spring-203, conductor 205,

Jacks 80I and 4I8, contact 'I3I, wiper'lli, con-- ductor 101, winding ofrelay I008 to battery through the left-hand contacts of relays H01 andII08 and the winding of relay II44. Current flowing in this circuit willoperate relay I008 which in turn closes a circuit from battery overbrush II08, cam II2I,shai't H85, cam IOIl,

brush IOI0, contacts oi! relay I008, brush H28,"

cam 28, cam II3I, brush 21, right outer contacts of relay H48, conductorI 2", key 802, conshaft I207, cam 804 makes contact with brush L tact808, wiper 82I, conductor 808 to ground through the teletypewriter.During the .time

that the selector was stepping from the second This circuit may betraced irom'the battery connected to brush II08, cam II2I, shaft 88,segment 848 of cam 888, brush 888, conductor 848, to conductor'808'whichis connected to ground through the teletypewriter 801. Soon after relayI008 has operated and completed the circuit to the teletypewriterthrough cams II 2|, I0", 28,

"and I I8I, brush 888 breaks contact with the conducting segment 840 ofcam 888. Then an impulse riod begins during which two series of impulsesare transmitted to the teletypewriter. The first series occupies thefirst halt oi. this impulse period and selects either the figures orletters case of the teletypewriter. The second series of impulsesoccupies the second hall of thisv period and controls the symbol to berecorded in the selected case. Thus, soon after the conducting segment840 of cfam 888 has'revoived past brush 888, the insulating segment H8801' earn I I28 engages brush I I28 which interrupts the circuit to theteletypewriter. This interruption is interpreted by the teletypewriteras a start sig-' nal. Then as the conducting segment I I81 0! this cammakes contact with brush I I28 it transmits two marking impulses to theteletypewriter. Insulated segment H88 then tranmits a spacing.

impulse, and the remainder oi the cam two more marking impulses andastop impulse during the remainder oi the first half of the impulseperiod. Thesize of these segments and the speed of the cams are soregulated that .these'impulses are oi proper length and speed tosatisfactorily operate pulse is transmitted to it. 1 Then as segments.

1828, "2|, "22,1828, and I824 ct cam I." 12888 'to the teletypewriter sothat a second start imunder brush I I0 they transmit marking, spacing,

marking, spacing, marking and stop impulses respectively to theteletypewritcr which cause it to record a figure 6. Thus the informationrecorded in any column may be recorded on the printing telegraphapparatus. It isto be understood that the specific codes described forpunching the cards and operating the printing telegraph apparatus areonly to illustrate the features of the invention since many other codescan be used, with the same results.

Just before the cams complete a revolution,

cam 904 makes contact with brush 906 and causes the operation andrelease of the switch magnets 8H, 109 and GIS which advance the switch650 to the next setof contacts. contact between cam 904 and brush 906 isbroken earn 939 makes contact with brush 938 and thus maintains theteletypewriter circuit closed while the selector steps to the next setof terminals and the circuits associated therewith are being withgrounded plate 204. 4O

established.

To illustrate how a punched character on the card can be causedto printsome other character on the teletypewriter assume that a patching cord303 having plugs 302 and 40I connected to its ends is connected byinserting plug 302 in jack 30I and plug 40I in jack 402 so that if ahole is punched in the first column of the card in position 6, a 0(zero) will be transmitted to the teletypewriter provided figures arenormally expected in this column so that key 502 has been operated. If,however, any other position is punched in the card the correspondingcharacter will be transmitted to the teletypewriter. It will be assumedagain that a hole has been punched in the card in position 6 in column 1and that spring 203 makes contact through the hole Ground through spring203 is therefore connected over conductor 205 to jack 30I and plug 302,card 303, plug 40I, jack 402,

conductor 403, contact 602 of switch 650 whose. wipers are then standingon the third. set of coniacts of each bank, wiper 6I8, conductor 6I0,windings of relays H48 and HI6 in, series, through the left handcontacts otrelays II 04, III9, I004, IOII, IOI2, I008, IOI3, 901 and 908to battery through the left-hand contacts'of relays typewriter 801.

H00 and H01 and the winding of relay H44.

Battery through the contacts of relay II 48 and the winding of relay IH3is also connected to conductor 6I0 but relay III3 is slow in operatingdue to the presence of condenser H which is connected in parallel withits winding so that relay H40 operates firstand removes the battery fromthe winding of relay I I I 3, and thus prevents its operation. Bothrelays -III6 and H48 operate in the circuit just described. Relay III6operated, closes a circuit from battery through makes contact with brush906, operatingand releasing switch magnets 0| I, 109-and 616 aspreviously described and stepping the switch on to the fourth set ofcontacts. Also can 000 and brush However, before the connected to jacksin the card field. To illustrate how a character may be printed althoughthere is no corresponding punch on the card, patching cords have beenused to cause a dollar sign to beprinted in the third position of theteletypewriter. Thus, the plugs 305 and 405,. and 300 and 404 connectedto patching cords-M3 and 334, respectively, are inserted in therespective jacks 3I5, 401, 3 l 6 and 406 which connects ground fromjacks in the card field to jacks in positions 12 and l in the tabulatorfield which together with the operation of the figures key 505 completethe translator connections for the dollar sign. In this case relays H01and I I 05 are operated. The first of these circuits is traced fromground through jack 316, plug 306, cord -3I4,' plug 404, jack 406,conductor 40!}, contact 601, wiper 6I6, conductor 604 to, batterythrough the winding of relayJI 61. .The second circuit is traced fromground through jack 3I5, plug 305, cord 3I3, plug 405, jack 401,conductor 409, contact 606, wiper 6I9, conductor 603, winding of relay II05 to battcry through the left-hand niake contacts of relay H01 andtheiwinding of relay H44. With relay H05 operated a circuit is completedfrom battery through brush II 09, cam II2I, cam H30,

brush I I24, contacts of relay I I05, brush I I and cam H26, cam II3I,brush H21, right outer contacts of relay II 43, conductor I2I1, key 505,contact 8I3, wiper 82I, conductor 806 to ground through teletypewriter001. As the cams revolve the code for figures is sent during the firsthalf of the impulse period following by the code for the dollar sign.These two sets of code impulses are interpreted by the teletypewriterand cause it to print a dollar sign in position 3. As the cams completetherevolution, cam 904 makes contact with brush 905 causing magnets 8II, 109 and 6I5 to be operated and released, advancing switch 650 to thefifth set of contacts.

The fifth contacts of switch 650 correspond to position 4-of theteletypewriter. To illustrate how a character designated by a singlepunch on the card can be cross-connected so that a character involving adouble punch will be printed, cross-connections are shown so that if asingle punch appears in position 3 of column 2 0f the card theqiunch istaken to mean that the letter J is to be printed. The combination forthe letter J consists of two punches one in the llth card position, theother in the 2nd position, so a set of strapped jacks is used and groundfrom plate 204 to spring 206 over conductor 2I0, jack 300, plug 301which is inserted in jack 300, cord 3", and plug 309 which is insertedin one of the strapped jacks 3 I0 is transmitted to the strapped jack3I0 and thence to plugs 3H and 3| 2 which are also inserted in other ofthe strapped jacks 3I0. Plug 3I2 connects the ground over cord 0I9 toplug 412 which is inserted in jack 4I3, jack an, conductor no, contact6I4, wiper an, conductor 005 to battery through the winding of relay II00, thus operating relay H09. Pl 3| I connects the ground through cord3I6, 414 which, is inserted in jack 5 jack 4I5. conductor 4, contact808, wiper 828, conductor 808, winding of relay II I4 to battery throughthe left make contacts of relay H08 left break contacts of relay I I01and the winding of relay H44. Current flowing in this circuit operatesrelay III4.

In this case key 508 in the letters position of this column is operatedto indicate that letters are to be expected in this column so a circuitis completed from battery through brush H09, cam H2I, cam H32,brush'HIB, contacts of relay IH4, brush IH2, cam H23, cam H28, brushIHI, contacts of relay III3, right inner break contacts of relay H43,conductor I 2I2 contacts of key 508, contact'8l4, wiper 82I, "conductor808 to ground throughteletypewriter 801. In this case, as the camsrevolve the impulse corresponding to letters and to the letter J aretransmitted and at the end of the revolution switch 850 is advanced aspreviously described.

In this manner the card is progressively scanned column by column andthe information, with whatever changes orenlargements that. are desired,is'printed on the teletypewriter. When switch 850 steps onto its last or22nd contacts, conductor 808 from the teletypewriter is transferred towiper 824 which has access to the keys associated with the'columnsof-jacks 21 to 41 of the tabulator lack field, and the windingsof the relays which connect the cams to the keys are transferred throughthe other banks on switch 85I to, the corresponding set oi jacks in thetabulator field. Switch magnets 825, 130 and 828 operate in 'the samemanner as magnets 8H, 108 and 8I5 except that cams SM and 9I5 are usedinstead of cams 904 and 905. When switch 85I has progressed over itscontacts it rests on the last set of contacts and transfers theoperating circuits to switch 852 which operates in a similar manner andthen transfers the operating circuits to switch 853. When switch 553 hasstepped to the last set 'of contacts it transfers the operating circuitsto switch H54. Only 7 positions of switch II 54 are required to printthe remainder of the information terminating with column 91 of thetabulator jack field but one additional position is used to send theusual signals of line feed and carriage return. The 14 extra positions"of switch H54 are, therefore, left blank and the switch is arranged toskip these positions and'proceed to the last position where a new cardis introduced and all the switches 'are returned to their normalpositions as will be hereinafter described. v

To further illustrate the methods of translating the informationcontained on the card it will be assumed that switches 850, 85I, 852 and853 have progressed to their last sets of contacts and that switch H54has-progressed to its sixth set of contacts which corresponds to the89th column of jacks in the tabulator jack field. These sixth contactsof each bank of switch H54 are 7 shown connectedto the row of jacks inthe tabulator field labeled 89T and for purposes of illustration it willbe assumed that it is desired to print a figure 3 in this position. Toaccomplish this, key I225 is operated and plug 2I5 attached toone end ofcord 2I8 is inserted in jack 2I4 and plug I353 attached to the other endof cord 2I8 is inserted in jack I355. Then ground is connected fromgrounded jack 2I4 throughplug 2I5, cord 2I8, plug I353, jack I355,contact IOI, wiper IOI4, conductor I002, contact 1I5, wiper 1I8,conductor 10I, contact 1", wiper 1J8, conductor 102, contact "9, wiper120, conductor 103, contact 12I, wiper 122, conductor 108, wind- 2 ingof relay I004 to battery through the left hand. contacts of relays H08and H01 and the winding of relay H44. Relay I004 operates and closes acircuit from battery through brush H09 and cam II2I, cam IOI5,brush*l005, right-hand contacts of relay I004, brush I I25, cam II 28,cam H31, brush H21, right outer contacts of relay H43, conductor I2I'I,key I225, contact 808, wiper 9I8, conductor 9", contact 828, wiper 821-,conductor 828, contact 829, wiper 830, conductor 83I, contact 882, wiper824, conductor 833, contact 834, wiper 82!, conductor 808 to groundthrough teletypewriter 801. In this case as the .cams revolve they sendimpulses which are interpreted by the teletypewriter as the figure 3which it then prints.

Column 45 is shown as the last column on the card and has been arrangedto illustrate how a figure or other upper case character, except zeromay be caused to be, printed although the letters key (lower case) maybe operated. This is accomplished by adding the character 0 to thecharacter which is intended to be printed. It is assumed that holes arepunched in the card in positions 6 and Oand that springs 201 and 208 areto battery through the left hand contacts of relays Il08'and H01 and thewinding of relay H44. I Relay III3 is also operatedin a circuit fromground on spring 201 over conductor 2H, jack 2", conductor 2 I8, JackI351, conductor I358, contact Hi1, wiper H33, conductor IH8, contact82l,4

wiper 622, conductor 8! I contact 823, wiper 824, conductor 6I2, contact625, wiper 828, conductor 8I3, contact 521, wiper 8I8, conductor 8I0,winding of relay III3 to battery through the contacts of relay H48. Inthis case the parallel path from conductor 8I0 through relays H48 andHI8 is opened at the left-hand contacts of relay I008, so relays H48 andH18 do not operate and open the operating .path for relay III3 as wasthe case when the card contained onlya single punch in 50 position 0.The operation of relay III3 causes can'i H28 to be used in the sendingof pulses,

instead of cam H23 thereby changing the character from letters tofigures. The circuit to the teletypewrlterzis traced from batterythrough brush H09, cam H2I, cam'I 0I1, brush IOI0, the right-handcontacts of relay I008, brush H25,

cam H28, cam H3I, brush H21, the operatedcontacts of relay II I3, rightinner break contacts of relay H43, conductor I2I2, the contacts of key 0I221, contact 0I8, wiper 9I8, conductor 8", contact 828, wiper 821,conductor 828; contact 829, wiper 830, conductor 83I, contact 832, wiper824, conductor 833, contact 834, wi r 82I, conductor 808 togroundthroughteletype ter 801. Then 05 as the cams revolve they interrupt thiscircuit to send two sepiees of impulses to the telety'pewriter,

the first seri s representing the figures case and I the secondtheflgure 6. This causes the teletypewriter to print a 6 instead of Y asit would with the letters key operated and no punch in the '0 positionofthe column being scanned. the cams complete the revolution the switch54' will be advanced as above described.

. Thus to obtain an uppercase character, except zero, in a column forwhich the letters key (lower case) is operated, when the character isdesignated by a double punch using either position 11 or 12 and aposition in the l to 9 group, a circuit similar to the one traced in thepreceding paragraph is established. The zero position is punched on thecard in addition to the other two punchings, thusrelay I I I3 isoperated as before to cause the figures cams I I26 and I I3I to beconnected in place of the letters cams I I23 and I I29, while the relaysIII6 and H48 are prevented from operating because of the operation ofone of the double punch relays H01 or H08.

To obtain the zero in a column wherein letters are normally beingprinted, the zero, 11, and 12 positions are all punched on the card. Thecircuits may be traced from ground on plate 204, through theperforations in the three top positions to conductors 604, 605 and 6I0.Relays H01 and H08 operate and close both sets "of righthand contacts,which are useful only when both -relays H01 and H08 are operated. Theouter right-hand contacts close the circuit from battery, through relayH44, the said contacts, through relay IH3 to conductor 6I0. Relay III3operates and connects the figures cams H26 and II3I as before, in thesignal circuit. Relay III6 is operated because a circuit has beenestablished from conductor 6I0 through relay H45 (which performsnouseful function in its operation at this time), relay III6, theleft-hand contacts of relays'H04, IH9, I004, IOH, IOI2, I008, IOI3, 901,908, conductor I009, the inner right-hand contacts of relays H08 and II01, through relay H44 to battery. Operation of relay HI6 connects thecams H28 and II2I to the signal circuit andpermlts the signals for thezero character to be trans mitted in a. manner already described.

Now assume that holes are punched in the. 0 and 6 positions of the 45thcolumn of the card as before and that the automatic zero key 22I isoperated, that plug 222 connected to the end of cord 223 is inserted inJack 2I1, that plug I354 connected to the other end of cord 223 isinserted in jack I356 and that the figures keys I225 and I226 areoperated but that the plugs 2 I 5 and I353 connected to cord 2I6 are notinserted in jacks 2I4 and I355 respectively. With thesecross-connections and punches in positions 0 and 6 of this column of thecard the teletypewriter will print 16, the 1 being in one column and the6 in the next column. If no punches had been made in this column of thecard the teletypewriter would have printed nothing in the first columnand 0 in the second. It only the zero position had been punched in thiscolumn of the card the teletypewriter would have printed 10. Thus thezero punch may be used tocontrol a character (such as the one justmentioned) in another column without the loss of the zero in the columnin which it is punched. Hence, it is possible to print any number from 0to 19in this manner, and if the contacts associated with positions 11and 12 in this column of the card are cross-connected to the tabulatorjacks so as to select 2 and 3 res'pectively in the preceding column,punches in one column of the card will cause the teletypewriter to printany number between 0 and 39.

The circuits for printing 16 from the punches in the 6 and 0 positionsof the 45th column of the card will now be traced. When selector II 54reaches its sixth set of contacts which are connected to the column ofjacks numbered 89T in the tabulator jackfleld, a circuit may be tracedfrom ground on plate 204 through the hole in the zero position of the45th column of the card, spring 201, conductor 2H, jack 2'", plug 222,cord 223, plug I354 (inserted in jack I356), jack I356, conductor I229,contact H39, wiper H40,

' conductor I I42, contact 629, wiper 630, conductor Current flowing inthis circuit operates relay I I04 which completes a circuit from batterythrough brush H09, cams II2I and H41, brush IIIO,contacts of relay H04,brush H25, cams H26 and II3I, brush II 21, right outer contacts of relayI I43, conductor I2I1, key I225, contact 909, wiper 9I6, conductor 9I1,contact 826, wiper 821, conductor 828, contact 829, wiper 830, conductor83I, contact 832, wiper 824, conductor 833, contact 834, wiper 82I, toground-through the teletypewriter 881, over line 806. Shortly afterconducting segment 940 of cam 939 revolves past brush 938 and removesbattery from line 806 over conductor; 846, cam H26 interrupts thecircuit tothe teletypewriter and sends impulses which selectthe figuresor upper case. Then cam H41 transmits impulses which represent 1 whichis a tery to line m and thus maintains this circuit closed during theswitching of the transmitting circuits. Then cams-929 and 930, andbrushes 928 and 93I momentarily close the circuit of stepping magnets 9II, IOI8, and H34 which advance selector I I54 to its seventh set ofcontacts. Then a circuit extends from ground on plate 204 through thehole in' the sixth position of column 45 of the card through spring 208,conductor 2I2, jack 2I9, conductor 220, jack I359, conductor I360,contact I006, wiper IOI6, conductor I001, contact 123, wiper 124,conductor 104, contact 125, wiper 126, conductor 105, contact 121, wiper128, conductor 106, contact 129, wiper 1I3, eonductor 101 through thewinding of relay I008 to battery through the left hand contacts ofrelays H08 and H01 and the winding of relay H44. 1

operated, contact 9I8, wiper 9I6, conductor 9I1- and to theteletypewriter 801 through switches 653, 652, 65I and 650 and line 806.The impulses for the figures case and character 6 are then sent to theteletypewriter, which will print the 6 in the column following the Iprinted lust previously. A circuit is also completed from ground at theautomatic zero key 22I to relays H48, III6 and HI3 through contacts andwipers of the selectors as hereinbefore traced. This operates relay IH3at this time but not relays H48 and III6 since their operating circuitis open at the left-hand contacts of relay I008. The operation of relayII I3 performs no useful function at. this time since the lead to itsarmature contact is open at switch I221. However, if there are nopunches in any of the positions of the card connected to column T,relays H48 and III6 will operate and co'nnectcam H28 in the circuit oftheteletypewriter. This will cause code impulses to b This condition isalso true for the illustration given above If there is no punch in thezero, eleventh or twelfth positions on the rd it is desirable to send aspace to the tele ypewriter for the column represented or controlled bythe column of jacks 8ST. If a space is not transmitted then the unitscharacter as controlled by the card through the colmun of jacks 98T willbe printed in the tens column on the teletypewriter and the charactersprinted in the remaining columns will beshiited one space or column tothe left on the teletypewriter. To avoid this condition a spacing signalis sent to the teletypewriter when the figures or letters key is closedand none of the conductors from the associated column of tabulator jacksis grounded.

To accomplish this, relays H44 and H43 are provided. Relay H44 isconnected in series with the battery supply for operating the relayscontrolled by the leads from the tabulator jacks. If any of these relaysoperate and prepare a circuit for transmitting impulses to theteletypewriter, relay I I44 will also operate and open its contacts andthe operation of the circuits will be as describedv above. However, iithe circuits of all these selecting relays are open so that none of themoperates to complete a circuit to the teletypewriter before the impulsevperiod, relay H44 will not operate either since its winding is in serieswith the operating circuits of these relays. Then just before theimpulse period, cam

I223'will complete a circuit from battery through cams I 2I6 and I223and associated brushes I2 and I224 respectively, winding of relay H43 toground through the contacts of relay H44. Relay H43 in operatingconnects ground to its winding through its left-hand contacts so it willremain operated during the'entire impulse period. Relay II43 alsodisconnects the letters and figures keys in the tabulator jack field,from the letters and figures cams H23 and H26 and connects them to thespace cam I2I8 so a space will be transmitted to the teletypewriterduring the impulse period.

Column 9IT of the tabulator jack field has been used to illustrate theuse 01' the skip key. The skip key I2I3 is therefore operated and whenthe-switch advances to the contacts connected to the Jack in column 9ITa circuit is closed from ground through wiper 823, contact 835,conductor 836, wiper 8I5, contact 831, conductor 838, wiper 8l6, contact839, conductor 849, wiper 8I1, contact I, conductor 9I9, wiper BIO,strapped contacts 928, wiper 92I, contact 902', the contacts of skipswitch I2I3, conductor I2I8, the winding of relay 90I to battery throughthe con- M tacts and windings of switch magnets 9| I, IIIIB and H34 inparallel. The switch magnets and relay 9M operate in this circuits; Theswitch magnets break'the circuit as soon as all of them are operated sothat they release and advance the 'wip'ersof these switches to the nextset of contacts. The operation of relay 9IlI opens the circult to clutchmagnet I2Ill, releasing clutch I203 and allowing jack column 9IT to beskipped without having to wait for the cams to complete the conductingsegment of cam 930.

a revolution. To prevent a false start by the teletypewriter while theskip mechanism is tune; tioning, its circuit is kept closed ,by means ofthe lower contacts on the skip key."

Column 82T is equipped only to give line feed,

' carriage return or skip' indications. If it is desired to give linefeed andcarriage return as will be usual, keys I2I4 and I 2I5 are bothoperated and during the first half 01' the impulse period a path isclosed from battery through brush HI I,.

cam I2I6, cam I222, brush I2I9, the contacts of key I2I4, conductorI22I, contact 9I2, wiper 9I6, conductor 9", contact 826, wiper 821,conductor 828, contact 829, wiper 830, conductor 83I, contact 832, wiper824, conductor 833, contact 834, wiper 82I, conductor 886 to groundthrough teletypewriter 801. impulses to the teletypewriter which causeit to acuate its line ifeed mechanism. During the se ond half of theimpulse period battery is connected through cam I230, brush I223 and thecontacts of key I2I5 to conductor I22I to trans- As this cam revolves ittransmits mit the impulses for carriage return to the teletypewriter.

The switch having progressed to the next set of contacts beyond the lastone which is connected to jacks and keys in the tabulator field,arrangements are provided to return switches 850, 65I, 652, 653 and H54to their normal positions with their wipers standing on the first set ofcontacts in eachcase and to cause the card which has just been scannedto be removed and the next one in the container 2I3 to take its place.Thus when the wipers of switch H54 make contact with the ninth set ofcontacts ,on

the banks, a circuit is closed from ground through wiper'823,contact835, conductor 836, wiper 8| 5; contact 831, conductor 838, wiper8I6, contact 839, conductor 848,'wiper 8I1, contact 8, conductor 9I9,wiper SIS, strapped contacts 928, wiper 92I, strapped contacts 922,conductor 923, through the winding of relay 9M to battery through thecontacts and windings of switch magnets 9H, H8 and II34 in parallel. Theswitch magnets operate but immediately release after they have openedtheir contacts and advance the wipers to the next position. The circuitjust described is not changed by the advance of the switch to the nextposition and, in

this manner, the switch is stepped by self inter- ,ductor 838, wiper8I8, contact 839, conductor 840, wiper 8I1, contact 84I, conductor 9I9,wiper ow, contact 924, the winding of relay 926, con tact 921, wiper92I, brush 928, cam 929, earn 930, which when the cams have nearlycompleted the revolution extends the ground through brush 98I to batterythrouglrthe windings of magnets 9H, rIIlI8'and. II3-Lin parallel Theswitch magnets operate and when cam 830 breaks the circuit with brush93I as the revolution is completed the switch magnets release andadvance switch H54 to its normal position on the first set of contacts.Relay 926 operates near the end of the cams revolution, and remainsoperated only while brush 93I is in contact with The closing of theleft-hand contacts of relay 926 holds the ground connection for theswitch magnets of switches 650, 65l, 652, 653 and H54, as long as theconducting segments of cams 930, 9, 942, SM and 994 are in contact withtheir respective brushes. The contacts between these conducting segmentsand brushes are made simultaneously and broken simultaneously, thus atthe instant of breaking contact, all the switches step around to normaltogether. The circuits for the operation of the switch magnets ofswitches 659, 65L 652 and 653 are similar to that for the magnet ofswitch H54, except that the winding of relay 926 is excluded and theground connection is obtained from conductor 8l0 through the left-handcontacts of relay 926, in

parallel with the ground circuit through contacts 924, 845,839, 831 and835, wiper arms SIG, 8, BIG, M and 823, and conductors M9, 849, 838 and836. The operation of relay 926 also releases relay 202 by opening itslocking path has just been scanned to be removed from'its position infront of plate 204 and a new card from container 2l3 to be substituted.Since the specific details of this card handling mechanism do not form apart of this invention they have notbeen described. In passing intoposition the new card momentarily operates contacts causing theoperation of relay 202 which in turn starts the scanning of the new cardas previously described. The circuit from battery to the teletypewriteris kept closed after the signals for column 92T have been sent becausethe last thirteen contacts wiped by wiper 9 i 6 are strapped andconnected to battery.

In this manner information recorded on punched cards may be translatedand printed on a teletypewriter and while certain specific illustrationshave been described with relation to certain columns it is to beunderstood that they may be applied to any column. Thus when it isdesired to skip any column of contacts or I jacks without causing theoperation of the teletypewriter, the skip key associated with thatcolumn of jacks or contacts is operated. When it is desired to skip acolumn of contacts or.jacks any other changes or additions to theinforma-' tion recorded in any column on the card may be made bysuitable cross-connections between the jacks in the Card jack field" andthe Tabu-- later jack field.

In addition it is to be understood that the above description is for thepurpose of illustrating the features of this invention and is not tolimit its scope as defined in the following claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A tabulating system employing perforated cards comprising a pluralityof contacts arranged in columns which are controlled by the perforationsin said cards, selectors connected to aid contacts for selectingsuccessive columns of said contacts, a group of relays associated withsaid selectors which are controlled by said contacts, a plurality oftransmitting cams for transmitting groups of telegraph current impulsesrepresenting a permutation code, said cams being selected by said relaysin accordance with the perforations in said cards, and a printingtelegraph receiving mechanism connected to said selected cams throughsaid selectors and'said relays, whereby the information stored on saidcard will be printed by said printing telegraph mechanism.

2. A tabulating system employing perforated cards having theperforations in columns comprising a plurality of contacts which arecontrolled by the perforations in said cards, selectors having aplurality of contacts for selecting a column of said card controlledcontacts, a plurality of jacks connected to said selected contacts andsaid card controlled contacts whereby said selected contacts and saidcard controlled contacts may be cross-connected, a plurality oftelegraph signal transmitting earns, a group of relays connected to saidselectors for selecting said cams, in accordance with the perforationsin said cards, and a printing telegraph receiving mechanism connected tosaid transmitting cams for printing the characters in accordancetransmitting cams, each cam of which transmits acode combination ofimpulses representing a symbol, a group of relays connected to saidselector for selecting said cams for transmitting a code combination oftelegraph impulses in accordance with the perforations in said cards, atelegraph transmission channel connected to said transmitting camsthrough said selectors and said relays and a printing telegraphreceiving mechanism connected to said telegraph channel for recordingthe symbol in accordance with the received telegraph impulse codecombination.

4. A perforated card controlled telegraph transmitter comprising aplurality of contacts arranged in columns and controlled by perforatedcards, a selector connected thereto for successively selecting saidcolumn of contacts, a plurality of cams each adapted to transmit atelegraph signal representing a character, a group of relays connectedto said selector for selecting the transmitting cams in accordance withthe perforations in said cards and a'telegraph transmission channelconnected to said transmitting cams.

5. A perforated card controlled telegraph transmitter comprising aplurality of contacts controlled by the cards, selectors having aplurality of contacts arranged to successively select groups of saidcontacts, a plurality of jacks connected to said card controlledcontacts and said selected contacts whereby said card controlledcontacts may be cross-connected to said selected contacts, a pluralityof telegraph signal transmitting cams, each for transmitting a telegraphcode combination of impulses corresponding to a symbol, a group ofrelays connected to said selector for selecting the transmitting cams inaccordance with the perforations in said cards, and a telegraphtransmission circuit connected to said transmitting cams.-

6. Means for listing the information recorded on perforated tabulatingmachine cards on a. page printing telegraph mechanism comprising a groupof contacts controlled by said cards, se-

